A Substrate Integrated Waveguide for Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna's Performance Enhancement: A Comprehensive Review

The substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is very useful technique to enhance the performance of an antenna. This paper provides the basics, advantages, disadvantages, design, and the effects of SIW in detail. The significance of SIW is explained using antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA). The SIW changes antenna size, gain, front to back ration (FBR), sidelobe level (SLL), and frequency response of an antenna. As the SIW resembles rectangular waveguide, it has inherent advantages of low losses and physical strength. This low losses improves the antenna gain and radiation performance.