Optimal Placement of PMU Using MIP for Complete Observability in Power System Network

Phasor measurement units (PMU) are playing important role in current power system for state estimation. It is necessary to have complete observability of the power system while minimizing the cost. For this purpose, optimal location of the phasor measurement units in the power system are essential. In a bus system, zero injection buses need to be evaluated for minimizing the number of PMUs. In this paper, the optimization problem is formulated using mixed integer programming to obtain the optimal location of the PMUs with increased observability. The formulation consists of with and without zero injection bus as constraints. The method is tested on IEEE standard bus systems like 30, 39, 57 and 118 using GAMS. The results show that the number of PMUs required is minimal with an increased observability.