Contributions of Flexible Loads to Flows in the Presence of Uncertainties

Contributions of loads and generators to flows have been investigated in the past to allocate the transmission system usage, i.e., the cost of the transmission system based on physical flows. This paper investigates the effect of uncertainties related to load demand and renewable generation on one side, and demand side management (DSM) on the other, on the daily contributions of loads to flows. The results of the paper show to what extent daily variations in demand and renewables may affect these contributions, and consequently the cost of transmission allocated to network users, in different loading scenarios (with and without DSM). This probabilistic approach can serve as a support tool for the system operator to choose and allocate the most appropriate pricing schemes for end-users’ in the presence of DSM and renewable generation.