Time–Space Dynamic Incentives Topology Equilibrium Control for Mechanical Vibration Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for mechanical vibration monitoring systems, the network topology is initially in equilibrium. However, it progressively unbalances over time owing to the high sample frequency and large amount of data transmitted by each node. This can result in different remaining energy levels of each node and shorten the system lifetime. Therefore, dynamic adjustment of the topology is crucial to balance the networks in a lifetime cycle. This article proposes a time–space incentives control algorithm to dynamically improve the topology equilibrium for WSNs used in mechanical vibration monitoring systems. In the proposed algorithm, multiple relevant parameters that influence the network topology are designed and adopted. Two calculation methods involving expert experience and the data driver approach are devised to determine the parameter weights. A static evaluation model is constructed to measure the performance of the network topology in the space dimension. Based on this model, the dynamic topological equilibrium control algorithm and strategy are proposed considering time–space incentives. Finally, the transmission power of each node is changed by considering the comprehensive evaluation value, and the network topology is dynamically adjusted. The proposed algorithm constitutes an advanced approach because it comprehensively integrates the various parameters affecting the equilibrium of the network topology in the time and space dimensions. The experimental results indicate that the time–space incentives model contributes significantly to the dynamic improvement of the network topology equilibrium.