Design of Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna with Bandwidth and Gain Enhancement for UWB Applications

Microstrip patch antennas are commonly employed in wireless communication applications. The restricted bandwidth and low gain of microstrip antennas are two major drawbacks. This paper proposes a rectangular patch antenna for UWB functions that uses a truncated corner method and a partial ground approach with slot to overcome these problems. The antenna is constructed by the cheapest flame retardant 4 (FR-4) substrate with dimensions of
$30\times 20 \times 0.8\ \text{mm}^{3}(\text{Ls}\times \text{Ws}\times \mathrm{h})$
, which has a relative permittivity (
$\varepsilon_{\mathrm{r}}$
) of 4.4, a height (h) of 0.8 mm, and a loss tangent (
$\text{tan}\delta$
) of 0.02. The designed antenna is analyzed and simulated at the operating frequency of 6.85 GHz using HFSS software. The simulation results show that the proposed antenna has a peak gain of 8.73 dB, which is almost 1.26 times higher than a traditional rectangular patch antenna (
$\text{gain}=6.88\ \text{dB}$
), and a bandwidth of 19.91 GHz, which is nearly 13.54 times larger than an ordinary rectangular patch antenna (bandwidth = 1.47 GHz).