Advantages of Real-Time Closed-Loop Simulation

Protective relays, controllers, and other hardware equipment can be connected to real-time simulation equipment for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation. These HIL real-time closed-loop simulations have historically been used in the aeronautics, space, defense, and utility industries. In this paper, the authors share their experience and best practices in applying HIL techniques for the petrochemical industry. The paper discusses best practices for constructing and validating models, connecting hardware to simulators, and running an effective HIL factory acceptance test. The authors highlight several in-service petrochemical projects that used HIL simulations and benefited from the resulting cost reduction and risk mitigation.