ICP algorithm point cloud registration method based on a new improved Harris Hawk algorithm

To address shortcomings of ICP algorithm, which is sensitive to the initial position and easy to fall into local optimum, we propose a Harris Hawks Optimizer (HHO) point cloud registration method combining PCA preprocessing and parallel population initialization. The PCA method is used to align the point clouds with the main axes and perform the main axes correction. Since the six input variables in the population initialization stage of HHO point cloud registration are different and independent, the initial population of HHO algorithm is initialized by the parallel initialization method. The results show that the improved algorithm is able to successfully overwhelm the fault of ICP algorithm, and its global seek performance and optimization accuracy are more advantageous, and the algorithm operates efficiently, with high registration accuracy and robustness.