Optimized-Fuzzy Droop Controller for Load Frequency Control of a Microgrid with Weak Grid Connection and Disturbances

Microgrids have been used to manage the electricity grid with a large number of integrated distributed generators. Without a proper control and management mechanism, the Microgrid efficiency and reliability may plummet which will influence the operation of critical loads connected to the grid. A Fuzzy-Droop controller is proposed to maintain the active and reactive power balance in the Microgrid and, hence, maintain frequency at the nominal value. A particle swarm optimization algorithm is implemented over the proposed design to locate the best gain values of the utilized controllers according to a certain cost function. The proposed control scheme is applied to the diesel generator and battery system units which will guarantee a rapid and sufficient response to disturbances in the network. Furthermore, a weak connection between the Microgrid and the main electricity grid is assumed, which will add more challenges to the proposed control technique. The effectiveness of the design is evaluated and compared to other control schemes.