Optimized Design of a Dual-Band PIFA Antenna Based on Genetic Algorithm

The genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to optimally design a dual-band planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). The slot mode of PIFA is determined by the encoding form of pixels and the optimal solution is achieved by improving the initialization of population in the GA. Also, the joint use of MATLAB-coded GA and high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) can more efficiently optimize the design. As a demonstration, the PIFA operating at the 3.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz frequency bands is designed, and its
$S_{11}$
parameters in the two bands are
$-14\mathbf{dB}$
and
$-17.9\mathbf{dB}$
, respectively. The simulation results validates the design.