Evaluation of Impact of Intermediate GPS Spoofing to Mobile Terminals

GPS is known to be vulnerable to GPS spoofing. This can be divided into three stages based on technical aspects: Simplistic, Intermediate, and Sophisticated [1]. Intermediate spoofing is a feasible and threatening technology. However, most of the existing research on mobile device spoofing focuses only on the Simplistic spoofing, which is the least threatening, and there are few experimental-based studies specifically on Intermediate spoofing. In this article, we conduct an experiment of Simplistic and Intermediate spoofing on mobile terminals using an open-source GPS signal generation simulator and analyze the threats.