Nonlinear Modeling Analysis and Arc High-Impedance Faults Detection in Active Distribution Networks With Neutral Grounding via Petersen Coil

For Arc High-Impedance Faults (AHIFs) in Active Distribution Networks (ADNs) with neutral grounding via Petersen coil, both nonlinear characteristics caused by arc and the influence of zero-input response have been not considered in previous research. Quantitative analysis methods based on the threshold setting comparison is mostly adopted in current field applications, which cannot balance the detection reliability and sensitivity simultaneously. In response to this problem, a higher precision nonlinear AHIF equivalent model is established based on the logarithmic arc model. State equations describing the occurrences of AHIFs are solved by using piecewise linear fitting technique, and analytical expressions of zero-sequence voltage and currents are present in paper. Furthermore, the regular volt-ampere characteristic dynamic trajectory between the zero-sequence voltage and current in characteristic frequency band is analyzed, and a tangent-inverse method is proposed to extract the direction of dynamic trajectory, then an effective fault detection algorithm is designed. The validity of the proposed nonlinear equivalent model and detection algorithm are verified by various cases’ simulations and field test data.