Design a Broadband U-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna on Silicon-Based Technology for 6G Terahertz (THz) Future Cellular Communication Applications

An on-chip terahertz and millimeter-wave antenna using multi-layer patterned ground elements in 0.18 µm CMOS technology is introduced and developed. A standard patch antenna structure is adopted to design a wideband antenna with approximately a bandwidth of 26 GHz when the proposed antenna operation frequency is between 279 GHz-305 GHz. There are three elements: a rectangular ground structure, transmission lines, and a U-shaped slot for the proposed patch antenna design and can be suitable for high-speed wireless transmission application. The antenna performance of the gain can reach a level close to 0 dB in the basic patch with a slot design.