Comparative Analysis on Industrial IoT Communication Protocols and its Future Directives

For the past few decades, industrial communication technology has been growing rapidly. In recent years, as data collection and transfer are greater than ever and process automation is more complex than ever, there is an urgent need to utilize faster and more efficient modes of communication. As we transition into the new phase of Industry 4.0 and convert ordinary factories into smart factories, the communication protocols will also need to improve. The worldwide Industrial IoT market is estimated to increase from USD 77.3 billion in 2020 to a whopping USD 110.6 billion in 2025. Industrial automation will especially benefit from this tremendous growth. In this paper, various industrial communication protocols ranging from conventional types to cutting edge, state-of-the-art technologies are comprehensively compared and examined. We present the intricate standardization framework and inferences for future development. This paper addresses both wired as well as wireless protocols and aims to give accurate performance metrics, practical applicability and popularity with main focus on the automotive manufacturing sector.