Fault Location Estimation Algorithm using Local End Data for Transmission Line

In power system, the transmission line plays a vital role to transmit the power to the end point. To ensure reliable service and to rectify the fault accurately in less time which demands estimation of the fault location becomes necessary. Various methods have been developed for estimation of fault location in transmission line. Both ended based impedance algorithms provide accurate results however, during unavailability of communication channel, determination of exact fault location using this method is a challenging task. To provide the backup, local end based fault estimation algorithms are alternative however, during high fault resistance, the far end source current and load current contributes to an error in the determination of fault location. In this paper, an enhanced algorithm is proposed using the local end post fault voltage and current data. The proposed scheme is based on the supplementary fault impedance angle caused by the fault resistance and computed using trigonometry functions. The effect of external network source impedance is nullified. The proposed algorithm performance is examined using PSCAD/EMTDC and MATLAB on 400 KV, 50 Hz transmission system. Simulation results proves the improved accuracy of novel proposed method and provide unique solution for the high resistance phase faults.