An Efficient OTA firmware updating Architecture based on LoRa suitable for agricultural IoT Applications

This paper proposes a reliable and efficient OTA firmware updating architecture, which utilizes LoRa technology for remotely distributing new firmware updates for agricultural IoT applications. The architecture is composed of ubiquitously connected hardware and software systems for completing the OTA firmware updating procedure. The software system is a developed desktop application that enables Ag-IoT operators to distribute firmware remotely. The hardware system is a firmware uploader circuit that receives firmware from the software system and programs the target device. The contribution of this paper is to integrate LoRa technology for OTA firmware distribution in low-power wide area networks of Agricultural IoT. This architecture solves the problem of distributing firmware updates in low-power wide-area networks. Since remote smart farms depend on low-power technologies for controlling and monitoring. A simulation is conducted using a desktop application for sending the firmware to the remote uploader circuit. Experimental work is carried on Microchip AVR ATmega8L low-power microcontroller board, and the studied results showed a technical match to the carried-on simulation.