The Role of Conservation Voltage Reduction in Congestion Management of Smart Distribution Networks

The conservation voltage reduction (CVR) technique is used to reduce the voltage amplitude of voltage-dependent loads in a distribution network in order to decrease the overall energy consumption. In this paper, optimal voltage regulation is done for congestion relief of lines within a smart distribution network involving renewable generations. The problem is modeled as an alternating current optimal power flow (ACOPF) problem considering a constant impedance, current and power model, known as ZIP coefficient load model, of three load types, including large commercial, small commercial, and residential loads. By optimally regulating of the voltage amplitude in an IEEE 33-bus distribution network, the proposed CVR technique reduces the energy consumption of loads resulting in congestion management of lines, power losses minimization, energy efficiency, and reduced energy cost.