Graphene for a green-environmentally methodology with organic surfactants

Two methods for the preparation and characterization of graphene using 5 commercial detergents and sodium cholate were tested. Sonication bath and a mix reactor are presented. For the experiment, a sonic bath with variable frequency and a beaker were used for testing. There were used different reactive varying its concentration 0.01 g/mL to 1 g/mL), duration of the experiment (30 minutes to 25 hours), initial concentration of graphite (0.1 g/mL to 8 g/mL), spin time (15 minutes to 1 hour), the centrifuge speed (500 rpm to 2000 rpm) and frequency for sonication (20 kHz to 45 kHz). Samples were taken and subsequently washed on a Buchner funnel with deionized water and methanol, and then be dried to store it as powder. Finally, they were analyzed by UV-VIS to determine the concentration in the samples, Raman spectroscopy looking for crystallization patterns of graphene, TEM and HRTEM in order to determine the number of layers of graphite stacking.