Smart Garden with IoT Based Real Time Communication using MQTT Protocol

Watering plants is a routine and most important task for plants to keep growing and developing. The automatic watering system can ease the human burden. Automation can be used or leveraged to help do the work at hand. This paper proposes an automatic smart garden watering system with parameters measuring temperature and humidity, and soil moisture using a DHT11 sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a water pump, and an ESP8266 connected to the internet network with optimization of data communication using the MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport) protocol. This smart garden data monitoring system is carried out in real time continuously so that users can monitor anytime and anywhere via mobile devices. Each temperature and humidity sensor has an average error of 0.03%. Where the difference in the average temperature measurement is 0.054°C with a standard deviation value of 0.326, and the average difference in air humidity measurements is 0.03% with a standard deviation value of 0.30. A low-cost system designed using the MQTT protocol which is lightweight yet powerful enough to handle multiple devices at once.