Concerning Analysis and Control of Deviations of Economic Indicators of Countries Depending on Development of Hydrogen Power Engineering

We develop mathematical models and methods to determine the appropriate path for developing hydrogen energy. The urgency of choosing this path proceeds from the fact that the development of hydrogen energy has a complex and not always a positive impact on other industries, the environment, and the leading economic indicators of the countries in the world. In this article, we propose to use system dynamics models to describe such relationships. The equations of system dynamics play the role of a control model in the considered problem of the variations calculus. This task determines control actions that minimize the weighted total deviation of the leading economic indicators from the required or indicative values. In determining these values, governments take into account the financial situation and the experience of previous periods. In addition, the problem under consideration includes restrictions on the resources and goals of the system and boundary conditions. Therefore, solving a problem means choosing a finite set of solutions and corresponding controls that satisfy the given requirements. Then we select control actions that minimize the objective function. These impacts correspond to scenarios and action plans to reduce the deviation of the leading economic indicators from the desired values under the influence of the hydrogen energy development in the country.