Management of the Logistics Component of the Grain HarvestingProcess with Consideration of the Choice of Automobile Transport Technology Based on the Energetic Criterion

Purpose of the paper is using the energetic criterion for improving the efficiency of road transport of crop of cereals. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach to the study of issues of development and improving the efficiency of the transport process in agricultural production, by modeling and optimizing the required number of cars. The study was carried out by economic and mathematical modeling of the composition of the harvesting and transport complex. Methods of linear mathematical programming were used. It has been established that the optimization of the parameters of the transport process of harvesting and transporting crop of cereals it is an actual task. For the continuous delivery of the mowed cereals to the place of storage without interrupting technological operations, the total productivity of vehicles (cars or tractor carts) must correspond to the actual productivity of harvesting aggregates (forage harvesters). At the same time, the number of transport units for specific harvesting conditions should be optimal according to the criterion of minimum energy costs for transporting crop of cereals. To develop the optimization model, the following assumptions were made: the harvesting and transport group of the storage complex is a combination of the same type of forage harvesters and vehicles of the same carrying capacity; the cereals e is loaded into a vehicle moving next to the combine, and then delivered to the place of storage, at that time the combine is waiting for the vehicle to return; the duration of the working cycles of the combine and the vehicle are taken as constant and multiple values, that is, a deterministic model is used. The number of vehicles at which the specific energy costs during harvesting and transportation of green mass to the storage will be minimal will be optimal for the harvesting and transport complex under consideration. Optimization mathematical model has been developed for the transport service process of forage harvesters that takes into account the conditions of this process. The criterion for the effectiveness of the choice option is the specific energy costs when harvesting and transporting crop of cereals (the objective function of the mathematical model), provided that they are minimized. Factors that determine these costs are identified and calculated dependencies are developed for their determination. The comprehensive method of optimizing the technology for harvesting and transporting crop of cereals from farms growing crops with the participation of road transport was further developed.