Waveguide Polarizer for Radar Systems of 2 cm Wavelength Range

In this paper we carried out development and optimization of an effective waveguide polarization converter with five diaphragms for radar systems. Modern radio engineering systems operate in conditions of significant levels of interferences of various kinds. The presence of such interferences has a significant impact on the accuracy of the estimation of information parameters that are processed by radar systems. This significantly affects the analysis of information received by the system. To overcome this problem, modern radar systems use rather effective adaptive algorithms for processing of radio signals. Among them an essential place is occupied by the techniques of polarization signal processing and adaptation. It allows to improve the detection of observed by the radars objects and to increase the information capacity of information transmission channels. Such radar systems use adaptive antenna systems. The key element of such systems is a polarization converting device. It receives signals with linear polarization and generates circular polarization or vice versa. Such device is usually developed on the basis of circular or square waveguides. The phase difference at the output of a converter should be 90°. This is provided by reactive elements that are placed inside a waveguide. Developed in the research polarizer provides output phase difference 90°±1.5°. The maximum level of standing wave factor by voltage is 1.12. Therefore, designed waveguide polarizer ensures efficient polarization and matching performances. It can be applied in horn antennas for modern radars and information systems with dual-polarization operation.