Ensemble Online Sequential Extreme Learning Machine for Air Quality Prediction

Online Sequential Extreme Learning Machine (OS-ELM) has been confirmed by numerous studies to be an effective algorithm for online learning scenarios. However, we found that some parameters of OS-ELM are randomly assigned and remain unchanged in the subsequent learning process, which leads to great instability in the model performance in practice. To alleviate this problem, we propose a novel ensemble OS-ELM algorithm (EOS-ELM-R) for solving air quality prediction problems. EOS-ELM-R uses multiple distribution functions to initialize the random parameters of the base OS-ELM models and its final output is the average of the predictions of these base models. Extensive experimental results on two real-world air quality prediction problems show that EOS-ELM-R is effective, and it can achieve better generalization capabilities than similar algorithms.