Optimizing Performance and Stabilizing Efficiency of a Photovoltaic Array

In this research work, the impact of water flow on the performance and energy output efficiency of a photovoltaic system was investigated and quantified using a method based on photovoltaic performance indicator analysis. Water flow on the surface of solar modules decreases cell temperature and soiling effects. These effects were studied on a grid-tied 2.45 kW PV system located on the roof of the Engineering Tower at the University of Mauritius. A pyranometer was connected to a data logger to monitor changes in solar power at 30 s intervals. A piping system was implemented to provide water flow on the surface of the PV modules. An infra-red thermal imager was used to study the effect of water flow on module temperature. The performance of the system under tropical climatic conditions was measured and modeled in National Renewable Energy Laboratory System Advisor Model. A financial analysis was performed to determine the viability of the water flow system. Results show that water flow enhances and stabilizes energy output efficiency. It was observed that a decrease of 30% in soiling level resulted in an increase of approximately 30% in the energy output. A financial analysis showed that implementing a water flow system on a large scale power plant will make the system cost effective and ensure optimum output efficiency.