On Short Circuit of Grid-Forming Converters Controllers: A glance of the Dynamic Behaviour

Power electronic converter (PEC) is an enabling technology for the energy transition, but the massive integration of PEC raises several issues. The use of Voltage source converters (VSCs) enabled with grid forming control offer a long-term solution of PEC-dominated power systems. This paper shows a glance of the dynamic performance during short-circuit of three common grid forming controller types emulating synchronous generation are implemented: Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM), the Synchronverter and grid forming droop control; and compared with a classic synchronous generator. Simulation results, considering a single generator contacted to an infinite bus, show the grid-forming converters' high-speed and different behaviour compared to the synchronous generator.