Design and Simulation of a Surface Wave-Based Cylindrical Hollow Plasma Cavity for Wakefield Booster for Future e+e− Colliders

A cylindrical hollow plasma cavity was designed for a particle-driven plasma accelerator experiment for future e
⁺
e
⁻
colliders. Surface wave ionization was used to generate a high-density, highly stable cylindrical hollow plasma instead of the laser ionization. Microwave and plasma models were used to optimize the plasma cavity structure, the gas pressure, and the microwave frequency and power to produce a high-quality plasma. The plasma simulation results show that with a 6 GHz at 2 kW microwaves power, a
${\emptyset }100$
mm
$\times400$
mm (length)
$\times30$
mm (thickness) hollow plasma column with a density of
$2.76\times 10^{15}$
/cm
³
will be obtained. The fluctuations of the plasma density in longitudinal direction are less than 2%, which is satisfactory to provide a long and stable enough plasma region for the wakefield acceleration experiment. The details will be described in this article.