Design of 5G Wireless Communications in the High-speed Railway Scenario

With the continuous evolution of wireless communications, the higher operating frequency of 5th generation (5G) makes the coverage ability of radio frequency (RF) units become more inadequate, especially in the high-speed railway scenario (HSRS). For the design of coverage, methods are proposed in the areas of the tunnel, non-tunnel and entrance to tunnel respectively. The spacing of new radio node base stations (gNBs) can be calculated by the analysis of the incident angle, the measurement of penetration loss and the control of cell handover. Under the same parameter setting, the coverage distance of high-gain antenna with lens array is greatly improved compared with traditional antenna. The technology of multi-cell merging reduces the number of cell handover several times. The suppression of electromagnetic interference can be realized by reasonably calculating and correcting the doppler frequency shift. Results show that the length and spacing of leakage cable slots and the working frequency used are strongly correlated with the performance. The antenna with lens array has the obvious advantages in RF gain. After application in HSRS, the rate of downloading reaches more than 200Mbps and the rate of uploading is greater than 20Mbps.