Estimation of Software and Hardware solutions to decrease the overload of the 1.5 kV direct current railway network

In order not to overload the fixed 1.5 kV DC electrical installations, an automatic device is embedded on trains. This system allows to regulate the tractive effort when the pantograph voltage is less than 1.3 kV. However, this regulation triggers unwanted voltage pantograph fluctuations. This paper focuses on the modelling of voltage fluctuations using Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR) formalism. A real case is considered to assess the impact on train schedule of this automatic regulation. The implementation of an energy storage system (ESS) is studied to increase the overhead line voltage and to avoid the fluctuation phenomena.