Turn off/on Base Stations with CSO approach using Simulated Annealing Algorithm in 5G Networks

The demand of users and the increase of devices connected to cellular networks has increased accordingly, since the advent of different generations of mobile phones and the communication between people through mobile phones. Over the years, researchers and mobile operators have come to the conclusion that current technologies do not meet the needs of users. Therefore, to meet the needs of users, the number of micro-cells is increasing sharply, but with this volume of increase, mobile operators are facing the challenge of energy consumption. Using the cell shutdown approach, key and very useful solutions can be provided to optimize energy consumption in mobile cellular networks. In the cell shutdown method, shutting down a number of cells, moving them to an adjacent cell, without compromising the quality of service and reducing the covered areas, is a requirement of this approach. This paper simulates a solution to reduce energy consumption in base stations by clustering and selecting a base station based on the annealing algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed model, compared to the model that is performed only with respect to the node Euclidean distance to the base station, has improved an operational power of more than 5%, a power consumption of more than 2% and a network lifetime of more than 3%. While the average of inactive base stations in the proposed model has been up to 8% higher.