An Analysis of the Magnetic Field Antenna

Electromagnetic (EM) field is one of the Nature's fundamental phenomena produced by electric charges. Maxwell's equations describe how electricity and magnetism are related to each other, and how both are related to the properties of the source, i.e., charge's density and velocity. Considering charge's properties in space and time as a whole, electricity and magnetism will no longer be two separate mechanisms but only two different dimensional aspects of one single phenomenon. In this article, there is a short discussion on how the magnetic component of an EM field can be distinguished. We search for an ideal structure that responds exclusively to this aspect of the field. Mentioning the inevitable limits, some definitions for the figure of merit (FoM) and the efficiency factor of magnetic antennas (and probes) are suggested, the existing structures are investigated, and finally, by putting all the pieces together, a new structure is proposed. Along with higher FoM, the new structure has the advantage of being practically feasible with no need for active devices or balun transformers.