Data Protection Mechanism of Wireless Sensor Networks Considering Load Balancing

To solve the problem of unbalanced load distribution in WSN data acquisition applications, which leads to the premature death of network nodes and the shortening of network life, a data protection scheme based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is proposed. The main idea is to abstract the selection of the next hop into a combinatorial planning problem with the shortest path and the least cost flow. At the same time, the renewal of pheromone element and the number of volatilization all refer to the energy of the next hop, and the possibility that the node with less energy is selected as the next hop will be smaller, to ensure the survival of the node, that is, the integrity of the network. The division and cooperation of forward ant and backward ant make the load on each path tend to be balanced gradually, thus prolonging the network life. The experiments show that compared with other improved ant colony algorithms, BACO extends the life cycle of the network and reduces the packet loss rate.