Battery Energy Storage Systems Allocation Considering Distribution Network Congestion

This paper proposes an operational planning strategy for battery energy storage systems (BESS) in medium voltage distribution networks. This strategy determines the optimal location and size for BESS as well as the discharging and charging schedules. The objective of this methodology is to improve reliability and stability by relieving distribution network congestion, such as voltage violations and lines overloading. Particle Swarm, Firefly, Novel Bat, Krill herd and Coyote optimization algorithms have been utilized to find the optimal solutions that improve the network's performance by mitigating network stresses. The strategy is implemented and validated using two networks; a 53-node test feeder located in Northern Ireland and the 33-bus radial distribution network. Actual demand measurements were used and high uptake scenarios for low carbon technologies were investigated.