A Novel 3D Non-stationary Channel Model with UPA for Massive MIMO V2V Communication in Crossroads Scattering Environments

In this paper, we propose a novel three-dimensional (3D) non-stationary geometry-based channel model with a uniform planar antenna array (UPA) for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication in crossroads scattering environments. Considering the nearfield effect, we first calculate the received phases and Doppler frequency variations caused by movements under the spherical wavefront assumption. In this case, we adopt a two-ring and four-quarter-cylinder model to characterize the moving vehicles and static scatterers on the building, respectively. Then, we derive the closed-form expressions of channel impulse responses (CIRs) of the proposed model and discuss statistical properties in detail, e.g., temporal auto-correlation function (ACF) and spatial crosscorrelation function (CCF). Furthermore, the impacts of the movements, distribution of scatterers and setting of UPA on channel statistical properties are studied. Finally, our numerical and simulation results show that our proposed model with limited scatterers can capture the characteristics of massive MIMO V2V communication in crossroads scattering environments while agreeing well with the theoretical model, thereby demonstrating the efficiency of our model.