Calculable RF Standard for Frequencies Between 5 Hz and Several GHz

Calibration of Vector Network Analyzers is usually limited to the frequency range of 100 MHz to several hundred GHz. Typical DC and LF techniques like Josephson voltage standards and quantum hall standards and associated bridges are limited up to approx 100 kHz. It is proposed to fill this gap with a nickel chrome based resistive air line. The S-parameters of this line can be calculated from first principles. The line is used in a VNA calibration from 10 Hz to 3 GHz.