Effects of Oceanic Turbulence on the Propagation of Hypergeometric-Gaussian Beam Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum

In this paper, we investigate the propagation property of Hypergeometric-Gaussian (HyGG) beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) under oceanic turbulence based on Rytov approximation theory, and obtain the theoretical detection probability equations of HyGG-OAM beam propagating through oceanic turbulence. We discuss the influence of beam source parameters and oceanic turbulence parameters on the detection probabilities at the receiver. The results show that oceanic turbulence causes the spread of spiral spectrum and the crosstalk becomes larger for longer propagation distance. HyGG-OAM beam has a better anti-turbulence property when the topological charge is smaller, the wavelength is longer, and an appropriate non-negative hollowness parameter. Meanwhile, the larger dissipation rate of kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid, the smaller dissipation rate of temperature variance, and the lower ratio of temperature and salinity contributions to the refractive index spectrum, the bigger the detection probability, when the HyGG-OAM beam propagating through oceanic turbulence.