Miniaturized Planar Inverted-F Antenna Using Minkowski Pre-Fractal Structure

In this paper, a miniaturized Planar Inverted-F Antenna is presented. The miniaturization effect is achieved by transforming the square radiating element into a pre-fractal Minkowski configuration. As a result, antenna resonance is achieved at a lower frequency, when compared to a square Planar Inverted-F Antenna having the same size. Simulated and measured return loss values are presented and discussed. A brief explanation of the miniaturization effect achieved with the pre-fractal Minkowski is also conducted.