C4I defensive infrastructure for survivability against multi-mode attacks

A previous paper points out that the United States and her allies cannot achieve information superiority simply by prevailing at information warfare. 21/sup st/ century C4I systems must be able to defend against "multi-mode" attacks, which are enemy strategies using clever combinations of conventional and non-conventional warfare. Owing to the problem of multi-mode attacks, completely new approaches to C4I defensive architecture are needed. This current paper criticizes some popular 20/sup th/ century C4I defense technologies, such as adaptive autonomic defenses and encapsulated self-healing networks and systems, all of which are technologies with severe inherent weakness against multi-mode attacks. This paper is a speculative discussion of new C4I defense technologies as well as policy issues regarding information superiority that have never been adequately addressed in the literature. The intent is to stimulate new research and development to the benefit of practical fielded C4I systems.