Optimum Strategy of Reference Emitter Placement for Dual-Satellite TDOA and FDOA Localization

An optimum strategy of reference emitter placement for dual-satellite time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) localization based on particle swarm optimization is proposed to improve localization accuracy. Firstly Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLR) of dual-satellite TDOA and FDOA localization system with ephemeris error and system error is derived. Then, the optimum strategy of reference emitter placement is transformed to multidimensional constraint optimization problem by using CRLB as the criterion for performance of dual-satellite TDOA and FDOA localization system. Finally, optimum strategy of reference emitter placement is obtained by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to solve the target function. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can derive optimum strategy of reference emitter placement validly. Besides, when the optimum strategy of reference emitter placement is applied, only two reference emitters are demanded to eliminate the effect of ephemeris error and system error on localization accuracy.