Time-Domain Procedures for Lightning-Induced Voltage Calculation in Electromagnetic Transient Simulators

In this paper, two time-domain procedures are proposed for the calculation of lightning-induced voltages using lossy transmission line models available in electromagnetic transient simulators. In both procedures, the influence of the incident electromagnetic field is represented in the form of current sources that are connected externally at the ends of the illuminated line. One of the procedures is formulated directly in the phase-domain and is compatible with the universal line model (ULM). The second procedure is formulated in the modal domain and is compatible with the transmission line model proposed by Marti. Both procedures are validated taking as reference a first order FDTD solution of telegrapher's equations considering the presence of external electromagnetic fields. It is shown that the proposed procedures can be efficiently and accurately used for the calculation of lightning-induced voltages on overhead lines.