A Beamforming Method Based on Multi-Variable Optimization for High-Frequency Wide-Angle-Scan High-Gain Array-Fed Reflector Antenna

A high-gain antenna with the ability of beam steering at W-band is necessary. To meet this requirement, a beamforming method based on multi-variable optimization about the array-fed reflector antenna for enhancing the scanning capability and reducing the scanning loss is studied in this paper. The optimized element spacing, defocused distance, and spatial tilting angle of the array feeder are 3.09 mm (0.97λ), 9.5 mm (3λ), and 5°, respectively. As a verification, a wide-angle-scan high-gain reflector antenna with an array feeder is synthesized. For the feeder, a 94 GHz array with three subarrays is developed to provide a one-dimensional scanning coverage of thirteen beamwidths. The numerical results predict good prospects about the antenna system for high-frequency wireless applications.