Factor Influencing Labor Productivity On-Site Construction in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Construction project depends on resources such as labor force, tool, material and machine. Construction industries depend on a large workforce to accelerate the set target, so labor productivity has a significant impact on industry performance. The Royal Government of Cambodia pointed out that low labor productivity is a major challenge of the Cambodia's construction industry. Construction labor productivity becomes the challenging research topic among researchers while labor cost comprises about 30 to 50% of the whole construction project in many countries. This paper, therefore, focusses on investigating key factors influencing construction labor productivity by using exploratory factor analysis. Construction related literature is reviewed and 17 items affecting labor productivity are extracted. The analysis results group 17 items in to six key factors, namely site management factor, human factor, material and equipment factor, technical related factor, finance factor and site facility factor. The results also suggest that project planning, worker skill, worker motivation and commitment, material supplier, rework, site facility, safety condition and incentive are the most influencing factors among others. This research finding will contribute significantly to Cambodian construction industry in addressing the root causes of low labor productivity on projects.