Review on resistance based water content monitoring in vehicle fuel cell stack

The vehicle fuel cell works with complex operating conditions. It is important to monitor the water content of the fuel cell to prevent the fuel cell from dry-out and flooding. However, few water content measurement techniques are suitable to be integrated in vehicles. Because the electrical test methods for resistance can be operated without modifying the fuel cell stack and water content in proton exchange membrane (PEM) has certain correlation with its resistance, the resistance-based water content measurement techniques have received extensive attentions. This article explained the basic concepts and resistance based online water content monitoring techniques in the fuel cell vehicle applications.