Optimal Robust Primary Frequency Response Control for Battery Energy Storage Systems

This paper presents a new approach for frequency control service offered by grid-connected battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in case of credible disturbances. The proposed control scheme consists of two feedback layers which produce active power signal for the BESS using the grid frequency as an input. The first layer includes the so-called conventional power-frequency slope equipped with an intelligent frequency max-min detection block to enhance BESS participation in primary frequency response. The IEEE multi-band power system stabilizer (MBPSS) is integrated into the second layer generating an additional modulation signal. The performance of the proposed control scheme is well optimized using a modal performance index taking into account stability and robustness constraints. Simulation results on the studied benchmarks confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in improving frequency response.