Survey on Beamforming Techniques and Integrated Circuits for 5G Systems

Electronic scanning is widely used in radar systems. Fifth generation (5G) communication systems are highly relying on the same principle. Different beamforming techniques, such as digital, analog and hybrid, are studied and compared in theory by many authors during the search of optimal architecture in sense of energy and spectral efficiency. Several integrated solutions have been designed and published by university researches and commercial companies. In this paper some of the recent publications about beamforming techniques and integrated circuits for sub-6 GHz and sub-30 GHz are discussed and compared.