How to Phase Antenna Arrays and Metasurfaces of Arbitrarily Oriented and Polarized Elements?

We propose an analytical method to phase any arrays of antennas or any metasurfaces made of elements with any arbitrary orientations or arbitrary polarizations. We are unaware of such an analytical phasing technique in the literature. The method can pave the way for phasing arrays with more complicated configurations, and also, for real-time beam steering.