Space Metrology Problems of the Future Planetary Defense System with Pulsar Time, Navigation and Positioning

Advances in the use of quantum tools in the relativistic metrology of the Solar System's space will be a decisive factor in the future level of planetary safety of the Earth in the face of threats from the impact of the Small Solar System Bodies (SSSBs). The initial concept of the Future Planetary Defense System (FPDS) provides for the preparation of computer physical models of the behavior of small celestial bodies including their collisions. The computer concept of the defensive space mission involves the preparation of 3D network- centric subsystems of small space vehicles as autonomous nodes connected by data transmission systems in space. As the leading technologies for connecting nodes into the system, laser and millimeter wave (MMW) technologies are proposed. The nodes of the system - space vehicles - will be equipped with very precise tools to search, detect, track, point and target dangerous asteroids. This part of the concept provides for the simulation of reactions of the defense system to the emergence of the threats to the Earth. It is fundamentally important to synchronize the system with very accurate and stable time signals from atomic and even pulsar clocks. In the scale of Solar System measurements of time, distance and angles, navigation, precise pointing, tracking and guidance are extremely difficult problems. Models of precise on-board atomic and pulsar clocks, and their synchronization are the basic problems of space metrology in their relativistic aspect. This is related to the time dilation phenomenon associated with the movement of clocks and the change in the frequency of emission and reception of signals in the gravitational field. This leads to the necessity of applying these two corrections changing the speed of the clock. We need to consider not only the system sensors, but also actuators. One of the most important aspects for consideration is the future high-power laser to combat small asteroids. The next example is a modern classic warhead to destroy the asteroid structure. In fact, there is a huge number of different problems already known, but the new one is that the computer simulation in the Solar System scale and near here to the Earth, according to the latest IAU resolutions ought to use the predictions of General Relativity in the weak-field limit: Parametrized Post- Post-Newtonian equations of "slow" motion. Our computer models of FPDS ought to be simulated in Reference Systems within the framework of General Relativity.