Automatic Localization of Optic Disc in Fundus Image Using Iterative Background Removal

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is leading to cause of blood clot stimulating the formation of abnormal new blood vessels. hemorrhage and protein secretion from blood vessels to retinal tissue. The retinal damage causes the loss of sight thus the localization of Optic Disc is necessary for analysis of the abnormal retinal image. However, the data located at the Optic Disc image are similar to Hard Exudates in the retinal image. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to detect Optic Disc using the technique of background removal. The principle of image processing is also applied for the retinal image. The image data from Fundus camera are recorded in RGB color model separated into 3 channels: red, green and blue channel. The data of all channels are evaluated by the preprocessing algorithm to make a more clear appearance of Optic Disc. Subsequently, the preprocessing image is analyzed by iterative background removal using entropy evaluation of the image data. Finally., the variance analysis of data intensity is performed in both the horizontal and vertical axis to determine the localization and size of Optic Disc. The result shows that the accuracy of localization and size of Optic Disc is approximately 98%. It indicates that this method is useful for retinal image analysis of diabetic retinopathy.