Design and Analysis of Aligned Axis Interior Permanent Magnet Machines Considering Saturation

This paper presents interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine designs with non-conventional alignment of the magnet and reluctance axes. Typical IPM designs align the magnet axis 90 degrees from the reluctance axis, relying on less than optimal components of reluctance and magnet torque. As the magnet is aligned away from traditional designs, up to 45 degrees, the maximum reluctance and magnet torque become coincident, maximizing machine torque capability. Difficulties exist in alignment due to both the geometry and the material nonlinearity.