A hybrid Petri net model for performance analysis of electric transit systems with fast battery charging

In the last decades, researchers, policy makers and, in general, the whole society, have devoted a growing attention to the environmental impact of traffic on air quality. In this framework, the electrification of Transit Systems (TS) can play a key factor in improving cities sustainability since it combines the good characteristics of collective transport systems (few vehicles for many users) and zero (local) emission electric power-trains. In this paper, an integrated Hybrid Petri Net (HPN) model able to represent both the traffic dynamics of buses traveling along a route, the effects of road congestion, and the dynamics of the battery levels in different scenarios is proposed with the end of providing a tool for the performances analysis of different implementations of electric TS. Some results concerning a realistic case study are discussed with the aim of showing the capabilities of the proposed model.