Modeling and Control of Battery Energy Storage System for Providing Grid Support Services

Managing intermittency and uncertainty caused by large scale penetration of renewable energy is a challenge in maintaining the real-time operation of a power system. A Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) has shown promising results in maintaining the reliability and operation of a reduced inertia power system by providing grid support services. A BESS can be modeled to alleviate frequency-voltage variations which results due to imbalance between generation and demand in a power system. This paper demonstrates the modeling and control of a grid size BESS for providing primary and secondary frequency response and voltage support. A simple BESS model is developed while maintaining the detailed behavior of BESS in the power system. The model is developed as a user written model in a commercial transient stability program PSLF. A technical overview of BESS is illustrated along with the various modes of operation and operational constraints like State of Charge (SoC), charge and discharge rate. The proposed positive sequence transient stability BESS model results are validated with electromagnetic transient (EMT) based program like PSCAD/EMTDC.