Biogeography Based Optimization Algorithm for Efficient RFID Reader Deployment

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems are wide spread in nowadays technologies. However, it faces vital challenges such as RFID Reader Deployment Problem (RRDP). Researcher is investigating the solution for RRDP problem by implementing algorithms that optimally distribute the RFID readers. This distribution includes the number of deployed readers and their locations that guarantee the fulfillment of the deployment objectives. This paper proposes an efficient solution using the Biogeography based Optimization (BBO) algorithm. BBO has not been dealt before in solving the RRDP. Our motivation is to use the outstanding capability of the BBO algorithm (i.e. sharing the features among its solutions) for solving RRDP problem. The BBO based solution is developed to achieve a highly efficient placing system. Besides, it effectively facilitates the tracking of objects inside any constructed facilities with optimum performance for different passive RFID tags. In this paper, the placement solution of RFID readers is offered via the square grid system and the optimal number of deployed readers is achieved and guaranteed full area coverage. The proposed algorithm is compared to different evolutionary algorithms on small and large scale models. A MATLAB based simulation model is conducted and its results verify the further level of superiority over the previous compared solutions of RRDP with satisfying the deployment objectives.